Boxer Rebellion :: essays research papers

When Japan defeated China in 1895, European powers answered with an order of magnitude they called, &8220 carving up the Chinese melon. Following the division of Africa among European powers, they cancelled their sights to what they saw as an extremely weak Chinese government. European powers and the States began to scramble for what was called &8220spheres of interest. These spheres of interest involved holding leases for all railway and normal advantages in different regions of China. Russia got Port Arthur, Britain got the New Territories near the Hong Kong region, Germany got Shantung and the States got nothing. America was focusing largely on Guam and the Philippines and had missed the opportunity and so insisted on the &8220open-door policy in China were commercial opportunities were equally available to all westward powers and the political and territorial integrity of China stayed intact. The gallant court responded to this unlike threat by giving aid to various inscr utable societies. Traditionally, secret societies had been formed in opposition to imperial government as such, they were sure enough a threat to the Ch&8217ing government. However, anti-foreign sentiment had risen so greatly in China that the Empress Dowager,ruler of China, believed that the secret societies could be the leaders in a soldiers deportation of Europeans. This policy reached its crucial period in 1900 with the Boxer Rebellion.The Boxers, or &8220The Righteous and Harmonious Fists, were a religious society that had originally rebelled against the imperial government in Shantung in 1898. They practiced an animistic magic of rituals and spells that they believed do them invulnerable to bullets and pain. The Boxers believed that the expulsion of foreign devils would magically renew Chinese society and begin a new golden age. Much of their discontent, however, was rivet on the economic scarcity of the 1890&8217s. They were a passionate and confident group, rich of cont empt for authority and violent emotions. In reality, the Boxer Rebellion could exactly be classified as either a rebellion or a war against the Europeans. China was largely under control of regional Governors General these regional officials ignored the Empress Dowager&8217s instructions and put onward every effort to prevent disorder or any disablement coming to foreigners. The Boxer Rebellion, then, existed only in a few places and touch on in Beijing. The Boxers laid seize to the foreign compound in Beijing cutting the Embassies off from their countries. The western response was quick and harsh.